Analysis Of Aldous Huxley s A Brave New World - 1708 Words

Camille English Gold 3 Truth and happiness can be used in hundreds of different trivial ways, thoughtlessly. Merriam Webster defines truth as a â€Å"a judgment, proposition, or idea that is true or accepted as {fact}† and happiness as â€Å"a state of well-being and contentment†. Modern lexicon tends to mash the two together, like knowing the accepting facts are essential to ones physical and mental well being. So naturally when we discuss human issues in societies, specifically those of the fictional variety we apply our mashed set of ideals based on truth and happiness on each of these different societies . In Aldous Huxley’s A Brave New World, by conventional societies ideas the citizens of the world state know nothing of traditional reality and by the standards of the traditional world are far from a state of contentment, but if examined by the ideals of the society in question the overall appearance is quite different. the population seems happy because they don’t know the truth. In fact the characters that do know the truth are far unhappier by both societies measures. For John the savage, happiness and truth share a very intimate relationship. His understanding and interpretation of both truth and happiness are fundamentally based in Shakespeare because of his early childhood exposure. John’s idea of happiness is born from shakespeare which is radically different from the iddeals of the world state this causes him to have vast distaste for the world state. WilliamShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesMatlen EWRC Period: 1 December 7, 2016 Class Struggle In his text Brave New World Aldous Huxley imagines a society genetically engineered and socially conditioned to be a fully functioning society where everyone appears to be truly happy. This society is created with each person being assigned a social status from birth, much like caste system in modern society or the social or the social strata applied to everyday society. Huxley shows the issues of class struggle from the marxist perspective whenRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World Essay2257 Words   |  10 PagesGiancarlo Ricci LA 9, period 4 October 21, 2016 MAIN THEME:   It is essential to prioritize individual happiness, emotion, and humanity in order for your life to have value. OVERALL TONE: Satirical Novel Cover Art Analysis The novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, is set in a â€Å"utopian† society where individuals are born into a strict social destiny and given recreational sex and drugs to maintain universal happiness and social stability. The major theme exhibited is individual happiness, emotionRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World 2445 Words   |  10 PagesFoundations for a Future Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World criticizes a society in which sex is a commodity, self-determination in non-existent, and happiness derives from consumerism. Huxley writes the novel as a warning to both contemporary and future generations of the dangers of progress built upon the wrong foundations. The novel is a portrayal of Huxley’s own society in which talkies, the radio and premarital sex, were on the rise and like many others of his time he believed that moralsRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1278 Words   |  6 Pagesanother note, he said it is â€Å"a potent, even enriching.† Brave New World, by Aldous Huxley, expands on this idea of exilation. Throughout the novel, several characters are faced with being exiled, whether it be from their home or community. In particular, a man by the name of John seems to experience the bulk of it. John’s experiences show that being exiled is alienating and, at the same time, enriching, whi le also portraying the effects of a world with complete government control over technology andRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1420 Words   |  6 Pagesexcessive effort to become perfect can be counteractive and lead to dysfunctionality. In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, characters live in a dystopian society that sprouted from the human yearning for perfection. Although the citizens in Brave New World are genetically engineered to be perfect individuals and are on soma constantly to keep them happy and efficient, they lack individuality.. Brave New World is a novel that clearly demonstrates that trying to create a perfect society can result inRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1591 Words   |  7 Pagesinsignificant in terms of an independent person, and because of this, people have to actively find ways to keep ourselves occupied. Aldous Huxley was born July 26, 1984. His father was a scientist that helped to develop the theory of ev olution. Science was obviously a large part of his life and was most likely a key source of inspiration for his book. In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, Individualism is a rarity and society is structured to serve a higher class of people. Society is built around five classes;Read MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1079 Words   |  5 Pagesthe corners of the world there are diverse perspectives , that lead to the conclusion that there is no such thing as a Universal Utopia. In Brave New World by Aldous Huxley , we are able to understand the critical differences between our modern day society and the dystopian one created in the novel. There is no such thing as â€Å"perfection† and in order to function everyone should choose who they want to be, which is the complete opposite of the society formed in the Brave New World. In this society thereRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1492 Words   |  6 PagesDiscussions regarding technologyâ⠂¬â„¢s risks, benefits and responsibilities neither begin nor end at the inception of Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World. These analyses are held, uneasily, on the fringes of journalism. Huxley’s infamous dystopian science fiction work, as well as his experiences with hallucinogens and mysticism, pinned him onto the intellectual map. Nowadays, in a society that is ruled and run by technology, we can truly recognize certain parallels made between now and his very intuitiveRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World Essay1771 Words   |  8 PagesThe World State- Do What You Are Taught This essay will be centered on two of the most important characters Linda and Lenina from Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World. The novel talks about a world which is completely different from the contemporary world. The world state in the novel is solely ruled by technologies to produce human beings, drugs to control emotions, hypnopaedic education to brainwash people with certain beliefs and thoughts. In the world state human beings are produced in bulkRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World 1292 Words   |  6 PagesBook Report #1 Tommy Schneid Science Fiction Period 8 14 October 2014 Brave New World Aldous Huxley 259 Pages and 18 Chapters Essay 1 9/28/2014 Pages 1-32 Brave New World written by Aldous Huxley immediately shows the scientific discoveries that are happening in the future. Chapter one starts out with showing amazing ground breaking scientific actions for example human cloning and very fast production

Medical Billing And Coding Specialist - 1039 Words

Suppose you are a medical billing and coding specialist. Your boss comes to you, gives you a list of services that a patient has had in a day. On the list it says: blood test $125.00, X-ray $300.00. Your job is to calculate the total bill. So in this case you would have to add up the cost of services received. The total bill amount is $425.00. What exactly is a medical billing and coding specialist, and how do they automate the process using algebra, and common calculations through Excel or any other tools? What are Medical Billing and Coding Specialist? â€Å"A medical billing and coding specialist records and processes patient health records in a medical practice, hospital, or insurance company. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..The job only rarely requires direct patient interaction, but specialists are sometimes called on to explain or interpret records if there is confusion about what is being billed or what sort of services was rendered.† (Jeffress 2015) Medical billing and coding specialist are worker in the healthcare field who have duties to process patients data. What is medical billing and coding is a frequently asked question on the web. According to my Google search, a medical billing and coding workers are the health care professionals who are in charge of processing patient data such as treatment records and related insurance information. A medical biller and coding specialist is highly important in the healthcare field. Hospitals see patients on a daily basis. Unfortunately, when you’re sickShow MoreRelatedMedical Billing And Coding Specialists975 Words   |  4 Pages Medical billing and coding specialists help prevent our health care system from falling apart and succumb to a disorganized mess. Their work is creating detailed medical records and invoices with a special code that defines what was diagnosed. These specialists are the business side of health care, they make sure the medical care of the patient is not obstructed and the doctors can properly provide for the patient. Then they won’t have to worry about the billing and diagnosing process for the insuranceRead MoreMedical Billing and Coding Career612 Words   |  3 Pages MEDICAL BILLING AND CODING CAREER Medical Billing and Coding Wanda F. Pervish Instructor: Elbert Trone Learning Framework 12 December 2012 MEDICAL BILLING AND CODING CAREER Abstract When people think about jobs in the health care field, it can be easy to assume that most jobs involve direct, hands-on patient care. What many people don’t realize is that administrative jobs are equally vital to ensuring quality health care services. Medical billing and coding is an important piece in the administrativeRead MoreMedical Billing and Coding Career Essays620 Words   |  3 Pages MEDICAL BILLING AND CODING CAREER Medical Billing and Coding Wanda F. Pervish Instructor: Elbert Trone Learning Framework 12 December 2012 MEDICAL BILLING AND CODING CAREER Abstract When people think about jobs in the health care field, it can be easy to assume that most jobs involve direct, hands-on patient care. What many people don’t realize is that administrative jobs are equally vital to ensuring quality health care services. Medical billing and coding is an important piece in the administrativeRead MoreExploring Medical Coding and Billing Essay707 Words   |  3 PagesExploring Medical Coding and Billing When I was younger I use to pretend to be a doctor or nurse. It was always fun to go around and check to see who had a heart beat, who was bleeding, and who was hurt. I knew that I wanted a career in the medical field, but was unsure if I really wanted to be a doctor or a nurse. I thought the only career was to be a doctor or nurse. Of course, the medical profession is larger than that. It includes office staff, EMT’s, nurses, physician assistants, and severalRead MoreMedical Billing Essays896 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Field Medical field is one of the biggest fields. When I mention the word medical, the first thing come up to your mind are doctors or nurses. Some people that never work in a medical office, they dont know there are much more position in medical file you could work at, like medical assistant, technician medical coder or biller. Someone like me, dont like to deal with patient. Medical biller and coder is a good opportunity for me to work at. But what are medical biller and coder? JobRead MoreMedical Administrative Assistant Field1628 Words   |  7 PagesMedical Administrative Assistant Field In the field of Medical Administrative Assistant, there is a multitude of career choices to branch off into. Of these many fields, the three that I choose to discuss are Medical Billing, Medical Coding and Medical Assistant. All three careers are of high demand in the medical industry and each requires the need of basic classes, with a couple of varied courses, depending on the field. Basic requirements for all include a high school diploma or GED. MostRead MoreRole Of The Medical Insurance Specialist1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe role of the Medical Insurance Specialist is very important to the financial operation of a doctor practice, hospital or other medical facility. A Medical Insurance Specialist collects all the information necessary to prepare insurance claims, enter patient demographics and insurance information, enter ICD codes and CPT billing codes, research, correct and resubmit rejected and denied claims, bill patients and answer patient questions regarding charges. The billing process is actually the processRead MoreThe Recovery Audit Programs ( Rac )983 Words   |  4 Pageson RAC. The medical billing RAC will process the medical coding that is involved with the front office administrators, as for staff member in the back of the office, that will include medical biller and coder. It is very important to understand every step when it comes to medical billing and coding. When taking this career it will need to be cover end to end and complete the process of medical billing and it becomes a whole but this will not just become a responsibilities of the medical biller andRead MoreThe Medical Office Specialist s Job Titles And Responsibilities1069 Words   |  5 PagesBilling 1 Week 1 DB Judith Parker List, define, and discuss the medical office specialist’s job titles and responsibilities. The medical office specialist as defined by our text is qualified for a variety of entry level positions in allied healthcare. Theses positions include: Admitting clerk Patient information clerk Apprentice coder Insurance verification representative Medical biller Payment poster Medical collector Refund specialist Medical receptionist Patient information clerk MedicalRead MoreMedical Billing1352 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: MEDICAL BILLING AND CODING Medical Billing and Coding as a Career Abstract: Since I became a mother, I have always wanted a job that would allow me to work at home. I have an associate in accounting and tried doing bookkeeping from home but that did not really work out. I did some research and found that being an insurance medical biller and coder is one of the best jobs to have for working at home. Top Medical Billers can earn over $40,000 a year either at home or in

The debate, which has already turned emotional Free Essays

The national debate on abortion concerns both the legal as well as the moral aspects of the issue. The debate has not only grown provocative but it has also become very divisive as well, effectively polarizing Americans into those who support the practice and those who oppose it. The debate, which has already turned emotional, has devised labels for the two opposing camps. We will write a custom essay sample on The debate, which has already turned emotional or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pro-abortion Americans are referred to as â€Å"anti-life† or â€Å"pro-choice† while those who are against the practice have been called â€Å"pro-life† and â€Å"anti-choice† (Internet Infidels, 2005). In other words, if one goes by these labels, a woman who resorts to abortion is guilty of putting an end to life by exercising her choice. One who is against the practice of abortion, on the other hand, is all for allowing the life of a fetus to continue. It is also the contention of the â€Å"pro-lifers† or the anti-abortion camp that it is the duty of government to prohibit women to end their pregnancy through abortion, thereby illegalizing the practice. Abortion advocates, on the other hand, maintain that women should be given a choice whether to continue or discontinue their pregnancies and that government should not interfere with this choice. Some people also use the terms secularists and atheists to refer to advocates of abortion while most anti-abortion Americans are said to belong to the different Christian denominations in the country. This only goes to show that anti-abortion Americans consider themselves to be God-fearing while viewing those who favor abortion as non-believers (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). Labels notwithstanding, proponents and opponents of abortion have offered their own arguments in support of their positions. While there are those who argue in favor of abortion for the simple reason that they believe it to be their right to choose whether to bring their pregnancy to fruition or discontinue them for their own personal reasons, many pro-abortion Americans favor abortion only under specific circumstances. One situation where pro-choice advocates really insist on abortion is when the pregnancy endangers the life of the woman. According to them, in such a situation, it is better to opt for an early abortion and save the life of the pregnant woman than wait for the fetus to fully develop and risk killing the mother or cause her to suffer from permanent disability because of the pregnancy. Another situation is when the pregnancy is the result of rape and incest. They argue that rape and incest are heinous crimes which produce highly traumatized victims. When these crimes result to pregnancy, the victims are consequently tortured since their pregnancy serve as a constant reminder of their harrowing experience. If abortion is not allowed in such cases and the women ultimately give birth, the lives of both the women and their children would be hell. Still another is when prenatal tests show that the fetus is either malformed that life after birth would only be for a few hours or a few days, or that the child would be so retarded that his or her life would only be one suffering after another. Abortion proponents claim that ending such a pregnancy would be an act of mercy (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). Opponents of abortion, however, have rejected the arguments put forth by its advocates. First, they argue that ending pregnancies resulting from rape and incest is completely immoral. According to them, abortions in such cases amount to â€Å"killing an innocent child because of the crimes of her father.† They do not subscribe to the belief that doing away with the evidence of the crime (the pregnancy) would ultimately mitigate the situation. Instead, they maintain that while criminals should be punished for their crimes, the innocent should be allowed to live. Second, opponents of abortion take exception to the argument that it is the right of the pregnant woman to decide whether to have an abortion or not. According to them, if the pregnant woman believes that she has certain rights, the child that she is carrying also has the right to live (Johansen, 1996). Finally, pro-life advocates maintain that children are God’s gift to man and that their parents are simply their caretakers. Children, therefore, should be allowed to live the life that God had planned for them (D’Silva, 2007). Personally, I believe that abortion is an issue that should be treated on a case to case basis. Although it is generally believed that a fetus is already a form of life, the moment its existence would prove fatal to the mother, abortion should be allowed. My reason is simple: if a pregnancy could kill the mother, then it is better to abort it than risk the life of the mother and possibly that of the child. I am also convinced that even if the pregnancy is the result of rape or incest, such crimes are not enough to punish the innocent by killing the children of rapists and incestuous fathers. Indeed, children should never be punished for the sins of their fathers. References D’Silva, R. (2007). Anti-Abortion Arguments – Reasons Against Abortion. Retrieved September 12, 2008 from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/antiabortion-arguments-reasons-against-abortion.html Internet Infidels. (2005). On The Issue of Abortion. Retrieved September 12, 2008 from http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/debates/secularist/abortion/index.shtml Johansen, J. (1996). A Summary of Pro-Choice Arguments. Retrieved September 12, 2008 from http://www.pregnantpause.org/abort/choicarg.htm Religious Tolerance.org. (2008). Abortion access: All sides of the issue. Retrieved September 12, 2008 from http://www.religioustolerance.org/abortion.htm    How to cite The debate, which has already turned emotional, Papers

Borderline Personality Disorder as Shown in Girl, Interrupted free essay sample

The movie Girl, Interrupted was released in 1999 and centered on the story of an eighteen year old girl, Susanna Kaysen, who has been diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. The movie takes place in the Boston area in the late 1960’s. Susanna Kaysen, is the daughter of a prominent well-known economist. The story is based around Susanna’s personal struggles and when she was admitted into a mental hospital for what she called a â€Å"half-hearted attempt† to kill herself. Throughout the movie, she further describes what made her decide to check herself into the institution, what it was like there, and other thoughts she had toward the world. Diagnosis Susanna Kaysen was admitted into Claymoore Hospital and was diagnosed with a borderline personality disorder. In the beginning of the movie she started off by saying, â€Å"People ask, how did you get in there? What they really want to know is if they are likely to end up there as well. I can’t answer the real question. All I can tell them is, it’s easy.† Kaysen continued on by explaining how it is very simple to slip into a similar universe, one that is invisible from this side, but once you are in that universe you can easily see the world that you came from. I believe that Susanna Kaysen met the criteria for a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. The 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual lists several symptoms of borderline personality disorder, and to be diagnosed she had to meet at least 5 of them (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). In many cases, a person that has been diagnosed with BPD and has arrived in a mental health emergency room have intentionally hurt themselves in one way or another, ranging from alcohol and substance abuse, delinquency, unsafe sex, and reckless driving (Coffey et. al., 2011; Sherry Whilde, 2008). Other situations that can occur in a person diagnosed with BPD are shifts in their moo ds, having an unstable self-image, impulsivity, unstable relationships, anger, and physical aggression and/or violence. The first of the criteria for BPD in Girl, Interrupted, was having suicidal thoughts and doing things to contribute to a possible suicide by attempting what Susanna called a â€Å"half-hearted attempt† to kill herself by taking a bottle of aspirin with vodka. In the movie, she stated that she has a headache, which I believe could have been true to a point, but she also was feeling more and more pressure from her family and friends to be more â€Å"normal† and at the same time there was a fallout with the teacher she had been having an affair with. The second criteria was inflicting harm on the body by cutting or bruising. After she attempted suicide, she was rushed to the emergency room the camera angle switched from everybody frantically moving around to help to her wrists. She had bruises all over her wrists and she kept telling the doctors she didn ’t have any bones in her hand. It doesn’t explain how she got the bruises anywhere in the movie, but I can assume it was by some type of self-harm. Physical discomfort offers relief from emotional suffering by â€Å"snapping† them out of their â€Å"emotional overload.† The third criteria was Susanna’s attempts to remain in the relationships to avoid feeling abandoned. Toward the middle of the movie, she has a flashback of the affair she had with one of the teachers and with a guy that she met after her high school graduation. In both cases, she was having unsafe sex and staying in the relationships so that she felt wanted and loved, and not rejected. The fourth criteria was filling the emptiness that was being felt by doing something she knew wasn’t right but gave her a thrill. Susanna felt as if nothing was going how she wanted it and she was the only person feeling that way. In the movie, Susanna and Lisa, a girl in the institution, decid ed to sneak out of the institution and go on a trip to visit another girl that had been there with them, Polly. Both of them knew they could get into trouble, but the continued on anyway. The fifth criteria was when she experienced a shift in moods and felt like she had no sense of herself at all. Toward the end of the movie, there was a time Susanna was convinced she wasn’t going to get better and she got defensive over what Dr. Wick was telling her about her diagnosis. She continued on and stated how â€Å"she didn’t care† and her new favorite word to describe herself was ambivalent because she said it meant she didn’t care anymore and she was going to do whatever she felt was right. Dr. Wick continued on and asked Susanna if she knew what the word ambivalent meant, Susanna replied, â€Å"It means, I don’t care.† Dr. Wick then told her that the word actually meant undecided or in two minds, kind of like thinking, â€Å"will I stay or will I go?† and then asked Susanna if she cared about herself. I believe Susanna developed these patterns more in adulthood, but everything stemmed from her childhood events. Etiology There are several different views on how a person like Susanna could have developed BPD. One view that theorists have, is that an early lack of acceptance by parents may lead to a loss of self-esteem, increased dependence and an inability to cope with separation (Caligor Clarkin, 2010; Sherry Whilde, 2008). Children with parents that have neglected or rejected them, verbally abused them, or otherwise behaved inappropriately around them, have an increased chance of developing BPD. Multiple parent substitutes, divorce, death, physical and/or sexual abuse are also things that play a part in developing BPD. Sexual abuse is one of the most common contributors to the development of BPD and children that experience it at least four times are more likely to develop it (Huang et. al., 2010; Bradley et. al., 2005). In the movie, Susanna’s mom made a comment on when Susanna was a baby, she was changing her diaper and she turned around for a split second and that was when Susanna rolle d off the bed and broke her leg. She said the doctor put Susanna in a full body cast and her parents went on a 4,000 mile trip with Susanna buckled in the backseat in the body cast. There are also biological factors that could be contributing to BPD. Studies have shown that people with an overly active amygdale, a part of the brain that controls fear and negative emotions, and an underactive prefrontal cortex, a part of the brain linked to planning, self control, and decision making, can cause a person to develop BPD. More people that have BPD and that are more aggressive tend to have a lower serotonin activity than most people. Treatments Most clinical circles today use the dialectical behavior therapy method. This method focuses on the cognitive and behavioral techniques such as homework, assignments, psychoeducation, improving and teaching social skills. It also focuses on the humanistic and contemporary psychodynamic approaches by putting the client and therapist’s relationship in the center of their treatment, teaching the client proper boundaries and acceptance. Groups that use this method also help the clients by having them relate to others in the group and showing that they are able to receive support from them. Studies have shown that people that have been through this method have increased their ability to tolerate stress, improved their social skills, better attitudes toward life situations, maintaining a more stable identity and they are more likely to stay in the treatment. Other studies have been done to find that clients that take medications such as antidepressants, antibipolar, antianxiety, and antipsychotic drugs along with psychotherapy have benefited and fewer suicidal behaviors and hospitalizations have been reported. If I were to treat Susanna, I would most likely use the dialectical behavior therapy to treat her borderline personality disorder. The reason I would choose this is partially because it is more commonly used today within many clinical circles and I feel that having her focus on social skills, the relationship between her therapist, others in the group, and herself, realizing that she is able to receive support from others, and maintaining a healthier life would greatly benefit her. I think it would help her refrain from contemplating another suicide attempt, participating in unsafe activities and it would help control her anger, depression and any other emotions she had been feeling. Summarization The movie Girl, Interrupted was released in 1999 and centered on the story of an eighteen year old girl, Susanna Kaysen, who has been diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. Susanna Kaysen was admitted into Claymoore Hospital and was diagnosed with a borderline personality disorder. In order for a person to be diagnosed, they need to meet at least five of the criteria listed in the DSM. The first of the criteria was having suicidal thoughts and doing things to contribute to a possible suicide by attempting what Susanna called a â€Å"half-hearted attempt† to kill herself by taking a bottle of aspirin with vodka. In the movie, she stated that she has a headache, which I believe could have been true to a point, but she also was feeling more and more pressure from her family and friends to be more â€Å"normal† and at the same time there was a fallout with the teacher she had been having an affair with. The second criteria was inflicting harm on the body by cutting or bruising. After she attempted suicide, she was rushed to the emergency room the camera angle switched from everybody frantically moving around to help to her wrists. She had bruises all over her wrists and she kept telling the doctors she didn’t have any bones in her hand. The th ird criteria was Susanna’s attempts to remain in the relationships to avoid feeling abandoned. Toward the middle of the movie, she has a flashback of the affair she had with one of the teachers and with a guy that she met after her high school graduation. In both cases, she was having unsafe sex and staying in the relationships so that she felt wanted and loved, and not rejected. The fourth criteria was filling the emptiness that was being felt by doing something she knew wasn’t right but gave her a thrill. In the movie, Susanna and Lisa, a girl in the institution, decided to sneak out of the institution and go on a trip to visit another girl that had been there with them, Polly. They knew they could get into trouble, but the continued on anyway. The fifth criteria was when she experienced a shift in moods and felt like she had no sense of herself at all. Dr. Wick was explaining her diagnosis and Susanna stated how she didn’t care and did her own thing for a little longer before realizing it wasn’t right. There are several different views on how a person like Susanna could have developed BPD. One view that theorists have, is that an early lack of acceptance by parents may lead to a loss of self-esteem, increased dependence and an inability to cope with separation (Caligor Clarkin, 2010; Sherry Whilde, 2008). Children with parents that have neglected or rejected them, verbally abused them, or otherwise behaved inappropriately around them, have an increased chance of developing BPD. I believe that Susanna’s development of BPD started when she was younger but developed more as she got older. I also believe it’s because of the lack of self-confidence that Susanna had growing up and once she got older that affected her BPD. If I were to treat Susanna, I would most likely use the dialectical behavior therapy to treat her borderline personality disorder. The reason I would choose this is partially because it is more commonly used today within many clinical circles and I feel that having her focus on social skills, the relationship between her therapist, others in the group, and herself, realizing that she is able to receive support from others, and maintaining a healthier life would greatly benefit her. I think it would help her refrain from contemplating another suicide attempt, participating in unsafe activities and it would help control her anger, depression and any other emotions she had been feeling. Susanna’s behaviors in the movie Girl, Interrupted are consistent with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder, most likely contributed by events that happened in her childhood and an overly reactive amygdale, and which could be treated by the dialectical behavior therapy.

10 Facts on Prehistoric Art for a Case Study

10 Facts on Prehistoric Art for a Case Study Before going into the details of the facts to provided here, it is important for us to explore the times before history was actively recorded by discussing the meaning of the word ‘prehistoric’. The term prehistoric literally means ‘before history’ and it covers the thousands of years before the ancestors of man discovered writing. In prehistoric ages, Homo sapiens made use of art as the only written medium for transferring their thoughts for the sake of posterity. Prehistoric art forms are divided into three distinct eras which are: The Lower Paleolithic: which occurred 500,000 years ago and defines the period when the only art forms of Homo erectus were scratches on cave walls using animal bones. The Middle Paleolithic: this occurred 50,000-100,000 years ago and by then, man had discovered how to draw and paint crudely. The Upper Paleolithic: occurred 10,000-50,000 years ago and is defined as the period man began to paint as well as create figurines and other items for domestic use. This article will attempt to provide 10 facts that cut across the eras explained above which can be used as reference points when writing an essay on prehistoric art. Prehistoric art forms were drawn for definite purposes and these purposes were generally ritualistic and to glorify the hunt. Other prehistoric drawings depicting seasonal animals were also attempts by prehistoric man to document the seasons as they came and went. Prehistoric men truly resided in caves and carried out most of their activities in hiding. This is due to the fact that they hid from predators as well as the ever changing elements of nature. Although prehistoric men drew on sand and rocks, the ravages of time eclipsed these drawings and we have only the cave art to tell us about their culture. Prehistoric artist actively believed that depicting an object or item in art form was a way of putting a binding spell on the drawn item. Therefore while they drew animals in clear details to cast hunting spells on the animals, they abstained from drawing exact depictions of themselves in order not to create binding spells. Although the belief in one Supreme Being would come later in time, prehistoric humans believed in hunting gods and fertility goddesses as can be seen in their works of art Prehistoric Drawing and Painting Materials: the art forms in the middle and upper Paleolithic era were much more developed than the bone pickings and scratches of the lower Paleolithic era. Prehistoric artists made use of their fingers, bird feathers and animal bones as drawing tools. While for painting, prehistoric artist took advantage of the different types of clay to produce red, brown and yellow colors. And for black, charcoal  and mud mixed with cave water was used in creating the color black. Prehistoric Art and Painting Techniques: while most people associate prehistoric art with the backwardness of the cave man, prehistoric art shows otherwise. In the caves of La Vache, archaeologists discovered charcoal tracings underneath the animal paintings depicted on its walls. This showed advanced drawing techniques such as sketching to achieve accuracy. Also, hollowed bones and feathers were used as painting tools which goes to show the advanced spray painting techniques used in prehistoric art. Prehistoric Art, Sculpture and the Pictures Depicted: studies show that earlier art forms from the prehistoric era were usually drawings or animals with arrows or spears in them while humans were hardly featured till later in the middle Paleolithic. So prehistoric art forms contained mainly animals such as Bison, cattle, reindeer, mammoths and aurochs. Further analysis of prehistoric art forms showed that 75% of these art works were created by hunters while a mere 15% were created by gatherers. Human sculptures and art works began to feature in prehistoric art during the upper Paleolithic period in the form of stick sketches and the Venus figurines. Prehistoric Art and Location: prehistoric art works have been unearthed in caves and archaeological sites all over the world but the most notable mentions are:South Western France and Northern Spain which are home to over 350 sites where cave paintings have been discovered. Prehistoric art works from these regions are jointly known as Franco-Cantabrian cave art. Other notable mentions are southwestern Germany, South Africa, India and China. Where are the Oldest Cave Paintings Located? Radiocarbon dating techniques have been applied to most cave paintings found across the globe to determine their ages and the facts show that: El Castillo cave paintings in Cantabria Spain are the oldest paintings that have been discovered to date. Its age is set at approximately 39,000 BCE. Next is the Leang Timpuseng cave in Indonesia which is dated to have been painted in 37,500 BCE. Third is the Chauvet cave in France created around 30,000 BCE. Prehistoric Art and Sexual Depictions: although it took a while for prehistoric artists to start depicting humans in their paintings and sculptures, early figurines showed that the female form were more popular objects of interest than the male form. These early sculptures of women figures always followed the artistic format of a large breasted woman with protruding stomach and hip regions. They might have been viewed as sexual in this modern age. Prehistoric Art included Sculpture: Although most art works from the prehistoric age were cave drawings and paintings, the middle and lower Paleolithic age witnessed the inclusion of sculpting as a means of creating art in prehistoric times. Bas-relief techniques were used in creating sculptures as can be seen from the Venus of Laussel sculpture and prehistoric artist made use of limestone and unfired clay in sculpting these objects. Here is where we come to the end of the cool facts on prehistoric art works which can be used when drafting case study on prehistoric art. These facts were provided to aid your research and writing process if giving such a project. So do not hesitate to use them as reference points where and when the need may arise. Additionally don’t hesitate paying a visit to our 20 topics for a case study on prehistoric art as well as our genre specific guide. References: Wikipedia: Prehistoric Art.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoric_art Visual Art Encyclopedia: Prehistoric Art of the Stone Age.  visual-arts-cork.com/prehistoric-art.htm Francis, G. (2007). Religious Awareness in Art Forms from Prehistory to Today 3-5  crossroadsnyc.com/files/Greene_CaveArt.pdf Laura, T. (2007). Introduction to Prehistoric Art, 20,000-8,000 B.C.  metmuseum.org/toah/hd/preh/hd_preh.htm Kiaren, J. (2005). Female Figurines of the Upper Paleolithic.  ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-europe/venus-figurines-european-paleolithic-era-001548 Alan, D. (). Venus Figurines of the European Paleolithic: Symbols of Fertility or Attractiveness?  ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-europe/venus-figurines-european-paleolithic-era-001548 Soffer, O. Adovasio, J. (2000). Textiles, Basketry, Gender and Status in the Upper Paleolithic.  unl.edu/rhames/courses/current/venus1.pdf

There are No Failed Books 3 Ways to Save a Trunk Novel - Freewrite Store

There are No Failed Books 3 Ways to Save a Trunk Novel - Freewrite Store Today’s guest post is by author Jeff Somers.  He has published nine novels, including the  Avery Cates Series  of noir-science fiction novels from Orbit Books, the darkly hilarious crime novel  Chum  from Tyrus Books, and most recently tales of blood magic and short cons in the  Ustari Cycle.       When Truman Capote died in 1984, he hadn’t published a major work since the absolute classic In Cold Blood in 1965. He’d produced material, yes; mainly short stories and some screenplays. Some of that work had been highly regarded, but nothing on the scale and ambition of In Cold Blood or Breakfast at Tiffany’s. Over the course of those two decades, Capote had transformed from a predominantly literary figure into a general celebrity, a man known for his parties, his circle of famous friends, his wit, and his television appearances more than his writing. But Capote hadn’t been idle. In fact, in January 1966 he signed a contract with Random House for a new novel, receiving a $25,000 advance (nearly $200,000 in 2017 money). The book proposal was ambitious: A modern reworking of Proust’s immense In Search of Lost Time. Capote worked on the book (titled Answered Prayers) for the next twenty years, occasionally publishing chapters from it, and renegotiating his contract twice (getting a further $750,000 in 1969 and a promise of $1 million if he ever finished the book in 1980, money he never saw). He once remarked about the book â€Å"either I'm going to kill  it, or it's going to kill me,† and history shows who won that struggle. The unfinished draft of the novel was published posthumously. There are many possible reasons why Capote couldn’t finish this novel. Maybe his celebrity was too enticing and he lost his drive to create. Or it might have been the reaction early chapters received: Much of the book was a thinly veiled depiction of his high society friends and their very embarrassing behavior, which cost him those friends- something that Capote reportedly took very hard. Or maybe it was just one of those books that all authors begin and then lug around with them for years, even decades- sometimes their whole lives. We call them Trunk Novels- novels that start off with so much promise, so much excitement, and then proceed to consume hundreds of thousands of words and huge tracts of time without ever coalescing into something resembling coherency. Every author has at least one. Most of us have several.       Too Good To Fail The problem with a Trunk Novel is there’s something there. A premise or an experiment, an energy, a challenge- something that brings you back to it again and again even though you can never get it to work. You revise, you scrap and start over, you recast it in different genres, you try to put it away and forget about it, but you can’t. And even if you are eventually able to put the book aside, should you? After all, you put a lot of good work into it. A lot of time, ideas, and solid writing. Instead of abandoning Trunk Novels, rethink them- here are three strategies for getting them out of your trunk and into publishable shape without losing any more of your sanity or precious time. Method 1: The Mashup If you’ve got more than one Trunk Novel cluttering up your hard drive with its imperfect sadness, one ambitious but potentially brilliant strategy is to combine them. This requires a certain amount of overlap in terms of genre and style, of course (though it doesn’t have to be a perfect match, as many genres combine wonderfully well- like romance and horror) and will probably need quite a bit of fix-up revision, but it can work. (Photo by  Erwan Hesry  on  Unsplash) The reason why it works is simple: Many Trunk Novels have great stuff in them- and it’s often complementary stuff. One novel I was working on for years had a solid plot, a good framework of events and motives, but it lacked interesting characters and lush description. A second book, separated from the first by several years, had a cast of characters I loved spending time with, but meandered through a plot that barely qualified. Taking the two and combining them resulted in a strong novel that popped off the page. I haven’t sold that novel yet, but my agent is enthusiastic. Method 2: Call It Sometimes you can get caught up in the supposed â€Å"rules† of professional writing. One of those rules concerns the marketability of a novel, and specifies that in order to have any chance your novel has to hit a certain word count (80,000 words is usually the quoted number, though you’ll hear variations on that). And thus, were a million Trunk Novels born because writers are reluctant to admit that what they’ve actually written is a novella or a short story. Writers sometimes desperately try to turn works into novels because they think novellas are impossible to sell, and short stories aren’t worth it in terms of money or attention. But novellas are actually easier to sell these days than in the past, thanks to digital platforms that don’t really care about word counts, and short stories have been having a Moment as increasing numbers of them are being adapted into film and television- see Arrival, The Grey, and Total Recall- leading many agents to reevaluate the wisdom of writers spending time and effort on shorter works. (Photo by  Simson Petrol  on  Unsplash) So, if you have a novel that’s been sitting in the Trunk for a while, consider whether the problem isn’t the story or the writing, but it’s girth. Is it a novella or short story that you’ve been trying to bulk up to novel size? Try cutting it mercilessly down and see what you have. You might be surprised. Method 3: The Inversion Another way to save a Trunk Novel from oblivion is to run a critical eye over your assumptions about the book. That initial moment of inspiration we experience is often powerful- one of the best things about being creative is that rush of energy when you have â€Å"the idea.† That power also burns certain things into your brain, like who the main or POV character should be, or the tone the story needs, or the precise pacing of the plot events. Over time, these turn into assumptions- no matter how often you attack the book unsuccessfully, you never think about changing the bedrock of that initial inspiration. You become blind to the possibilities offered by other characters who might be promoted or explored, other stylistic choices, or other third acts that go off in crazy directions. (Photo by  Dardan Mu  on  Unsplash) The secret sauce in this approach isn’t so much that you were wrong about everything from the beginning, but in the thrill of the unknown. By the time you’re ready to admit that a book is a Trunk Novel, there’s a very good chance you’ve been over each scene, every line of dialog, and every plot twist many, many times. It’s familiar, and familiarity breeds contempt and blindness. You can’t see it any more. Changing something fundamental about the book forces you into unknown territory, bringing back some of that electric buzz of discovery and revealing new ways forward. With a book stuck in Trunk Mode, that can jump-start the creative process and get you over the finish line. Not every novel can be saved, and writing a bad book is just part of being a writer- but if you’ve got a novel that just won’t go quietly into that dusty drawer, consider trying one of these techniques to rescue it once and for all. So, how many Trunk Novels are you hauling around with you? Have you ever managed to make one work? Let us know if you did, and if so, how you did it!    Jeff Somers (www.jeffreysomers.com) began writing by court order as an attempt to steer his creative impulses away from engineering genetic grotesqueries. He has published nine novels, including theAvery Cates Series of noir-science fiction novels from Orbit Books (www.avery-cates.com) and theUstari Cycleseries of urban fantasy novels. His short story â€Å"Ringing the Changes† was selected for inclusion inBest American Mystery Stories 2006,his story â€Å"Sift, Almost Invisible, Through† appeared in the anthologyCrimes by Moonlight edited by Charlaine Harris, and his story â€Å"Three Cups of Tea† appeared in the anthologyHanzai Japan. He also writes about books forBarnes and Noble andAbout.com and about the craft of writing forWriter’s Digest, which will publish his book on the craft of writingWriting Without Rules in 2018. He lives in Hoboken with his wife, The Duchess, and their cats. He considers pants to always be optional.

Polish worker Andrezej Freitag been killed in construction site Essay

Polish worker Andrezej Freitag been killed in construction site - Essay Example His employer, Discovery Homes Limited was fined 5,000 pounds after being found guilty of breaching the Health and Safety at Work Act. The director of the company was also fined 4,000 pounds after being found guilty of going against section 37(1) of the act. It was concluded that Freitag’s death could have been avoided had his employer done enough about the safety hazards that were present at the construction site. An investigation showed that Freitag died as a result of a faulty protection barrier that should not have been used for the type of work he was doing (HSE News Release, 2009). The case above is just one of many in which the safety and health of employees have been compromised leading to irreparable damages and loss of lives. In the case above, the compny and the manager in charge of the construction work were fined for neglecting the safety and health needs of their employees. They failed to see to it that there was ample protection against unnecessary injuries to em ployees and yet they are required by aw to oversee their employees overall health and safety while they are at work. Freitag’s death would probably have been avoided had the company and its director ensured that appropriate protection on building heights was in place. Some of the important aspects of UK Health and Safety Legislations are discussed below. The Health and Safety at Work, etc, Act, 1974 This legislation forms the basis of health and safety laws in the UK and it covers all employees as well as any individual affected by certain work activities. Section 2 of the legislation requires all employers to ensure that the health and safety of employees is well taken care of by employers. The same section also stipulates that employers should consult with safety representatives in trade unions on health and safety issues affecting the organization. Section 3 of the legislation stipulates that all employers should make sure that non-employees who may be affected by the orga nization’s work activities are not exposed in any way to health and safety hazards. Section 7 deals with the responsibilities of the employee in ensuring that he is safe at all times while he is working (HSE, 1999). Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, 1999 The main requirement of this legislation is for employers to carry out risk assessments as a way of reducing or eliminating health and safety hazards. This piece of legislation also requires employers to set up procedures that mitigate employees’ health and safety at the workplace. This is the legislation that requires all employers to provide enough clear information about the health and safety policies of the organization to employees (Lewis and Sergeant, 2004). Workplace Regulations 1992 This law deals with any physical conditions that might affect employees’ health and safety at the workplace. According to these regulations, employees must meet certain minimum standards in relation to: lig hting, ventilation, first aid, buildings and equipment maintenance, temperature, toilet and rest facilities (HSE, 1999). Health and Safety Regulations 1992 These regulations require employers to carry out assessments of their employees’ who normally use display screen equipment. The employers are

Modern Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Modern Philosophy - Essay Example Leibnitz seeks to avoid the pure isolation of the mind from the body as in the case of Descartes. Monads are established as the most simple substance of which there are no parts or extensions (paragraphs 1 and 2). In paragraph 6 "monads have no windows" and hence are self-existing in a way. Leibnitz must explain what he means. Monads are different from each other because it is impossible for there to be the same thing in nature or else one thing would not be "discernible form another", things or monads must have an "internal difference" (p. 9). These differences are created from internal causes (p. 11). It is these internal causes which can make something that is itself, different or cause it to change and appear different. We are aware of our perceptions of these things, or of the thing that is undergoing change. Descartes was mistaken not to treat perception as a way of giving us what a thing and its changes are. Hence Descartes was left with the mind and or consciousness standing by itself. Leibnitz explains that perception represents "a multiplicity in the unit" of the simple substance. This is his way of saying that the mind cannot be separated from consciousness of the body. At paragraph 17, Leibnitz says that "...perception and that which depends upon it are inexplicable on mechanical grounds." That which recognizes substance and its various attributes cannot be based on the "figures and motions", or logic. Leibnitz in 15 has explained that it is Appetition or desire which is able to move from one perception to its wholeness or to new perceptions. If one were to move from the mind to the body, it would take not mere thought, but "Appetition or desire" to place these two together as a collective unit. Monads, as simple substances, are immaterial and have no extension. Yet they have their own perspective and something gives them extension and purpose. They have a certain self-sufficiency based on their internal activities. In paragraph 19 Leibnitz says tha t perception could allow simple substances to have souls, but that this is not possible unless perception is accompanied by memory. Mind gives monads or simple substances extension, purpose and identity. Whereas Descartes would say there is mind without body, Liebnitz would argue that there can be no mind without body. Mind and body are both monads, but the point is that it is the mind which is able to recognize the perception of the body or a rock outside the body with extension and secondary qualities such as color and taste. Humans are able to think empirically, such that there will be "daylight tomorrow." This is evidence the rational ability that humans have, and the knowledge of necessary and eternal truths that give us Reason and distinguishes us from animals (p. 29). Truth derives from the two great principles of contradiction (p. 31), and of sufficient reason (p. 32). These both refer to the two kinds of truths, reasoning is based on the principle of contradiction, and deal s with necessary truths that are found by analysis, such as in mathematics. The principle of sufficient reason allows for contingent truths, or truths based on fact (p. 36). By establishing the concept of simple substances first, Liebnitz is able to move the concept of self-identity as a truth. There cannot be substance with the mind's perception of it. Even the mind has

Finding common ground Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finding common ground - Essay Example Both its proponents and opponents are very vocal about their respective points of view. Some headway has been made as regards this issue within specific states in America. However, the jury is still out on certain contentious issues regarding this matter. These include matters such as; who has the right to define what a marriage is, should a judge decide on such matters, or should this decision be left to the public through a popular vote. In the Newsweek article by Anna Quindlen, the author starts by recognizing the significance of the ruling in Loving v. Virginia which stated that interracial marriages were not illegal as had earlier been ruled. Before this, it was considered a crime to be party to interracial marriage and Mr. Richard Loving and his wife Mildred Jeter were accused of miscegenation (Quindlen, 1). The Supreme Court ruled that marriage is one of the basic civil rights of man and cannot be denied on the basis of race. In this article the author who is a proponent of same sex marriage argues that in most cases the decision against same sex marriage are influenced by the financial factor and in most cases religion is only used as a scapegoat for the rejection of same sex rights(Quindlen, 2). The author argues that by continuing to refuse to legally recognize unions between individuals of the same sex, there are benefits that are being forgone such as the ability of these couples to adopt children and give them a better chance of advancing in life. The author also scoffs the notion that allowing homosexuals to adopt children will distort the image of marriage in the eyes of these children, arguing that heterosexuals have already done this on their own without much help from the gay community (Quindlen, 4). In the second article titled Interracial Marriage: Slippery Slope? By La Shawn Barber, the author argues that the decision in Loving v Virginia was totally justified and cannot be compared to gays demanding for the right to marriage (La

Meaning And Importance Of Intellectual Property Philosophy Essay

Meaning And Importance Of Intellectual Property Philosophy Essay Intellect is the power of the mind, the power of mind to think and imagine and innovate. Intellectual property is that kind of property which is a thought by ones mind. It is the property over certain ideas of the mind. Certain creations of mind are recognised as special creations and they can be protected through law. There is a different branch of law known as intellectual property law which deals with the legal aspect of intellectual property. Intellectual property is basically an intangible asset as it cannot be seen or touch but its affects can be felt. Artistic works, musical works, discoveries etc come under the scanner of intellectual property laws. These can be discovered by anyone, but the first one to discover them usually gets to have a legal right over his findings. Copyrights, trademarks, patents and trade secrets are some common types of intellectual property rights that one may resort to legally protect ones discoveries or thoughts. The term of intellectual property i s not very old and it has come to the surface in the 19th century itself. It was in the late of the 20th century when finally the word intellectual property gained importance in the world. It gained the most acknowledgement and importance firstly in the United States of America. Intellectual property owners with the help of intellectual property rights benefit from their intellectual property by earning monetary gains from it. Such property provides financial incentives to them. As the economic conditions of the world have become better more and more emphasis on intellectual property rights is being given these days. Especially in developed countries like U.S.A. and U.K. intellectual property plays a major role in the overall economy of these countries. As large as two thirds of the total assets of these countries can be traced back to nothing more than intellectual property i.e. intangible assets. Not only this, a recent study has found that businesses which have intellectual properties as their assets were earning more revenues than companies which did not have any intellectual property. Some economists suggest that strengthening the intellectual property system directly benefits the overall economic conditions of enterprises. Intellectual property rights are usually applicable to goods and services which can usually be used by one and all. This implies that even though a person may claim to have an intellectual property right on any given good, this will not stop or hinder any other person from using such goods. Intellectual property recognises the efforts of an individual. For example we can say that a certain individual formulated a given scientific formulae and he got intellectual property rights over that formulae. Even in such a condition anyone and everyone who wishes to use that scientific formulae for an experiment is allowed to use it, the creators intellectual property rights do not and cannot bar him from using that formulae. Moreover economists also agree that patents and copyrights do not create monopolies they just simply act as rewards for people who have discovered new things. They only facilitate monetary rewards for the discoverers as remuneration for their efforts but in no possible way do intellectual property rights create monopolies. Although intellectual property has gained a lot of importance around the world, but it has never stayed out of controversies and it has always been criticised by many. Some go up to the level and claim that the term intellectual property itself is meaningless and creates confusion and is of no use at all. Some economists believe that copyrights and patents are harming the concept of a free world where anyone and everyone have equal rights to do business. Some people believe that intellectual property rights harm public interests. The intellectual property laws need to expand more and diversify more in order to gain importance and credit. WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY EXACTLY? Intellectual Property more commonly known just as IP is nothing more than the creations of a mind of an individual. These create various inventions, names, images, design etc. Intellectual property is usually sub-divided into two categories: Industrial intellectual property and Copyrights. Industrial intellectual property includes acts like inventions, trademarks and industrial discoveries etc. Copyrights may include works of art and literature. These may be poems and novels and plays etc. Any kind of innovation by an individual or a group can be called as their intellectual property. Even traditional discoveries by local communities are their intellectual property. But since these practices are traditional so most of the times they are not given the status of being intellectual property. We need to understand that most of the things around us have an origin and at some point of time in the history they must have been invented. Anyone who was involved in inventing that device or article can claim that object to be his or her intellectual property. Intellectual property rights have a huge impact on international trade and indigenous trade. In todays modern world intellectual property and its rights have become more important. With the invention of internet and as the world has become more and more dependent on using internet the chances of ideas being stolen and being misused have become higher and higher. Due to this people who invent or discover anything new have to get them patented or copyrighted as soon as possible. Misuse of ideas generated by other persons has become one of the most common crimes of these days and the only sufferers are the inventors and discoverers. Ideas are becoming a more and more important aspect of trade in the modern world. All kinds of high technology products in the market today are born out of great ideas of individuals. Invention, research, design these are the pillars over which new discoveries are being made today. Intellectual property rights have added a lot of intrinsic value to all kinds of products. For example in the clothes industry a particular brand name is nothing but intellectual property, a brand name is an intangible asset. But clothes sell because it has a brand name, so here we see and understand that how intellectual property adds value to products. Creators of various products and services and people who have various ideas have the right to protect their ideas and similarly they have the right to share their ideas with others too. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN VARIOUS PARTS OF THE WORLD: The importance of intellectual property and their rights varies in different parts of the world. Various law enforcement agencies around the world give different levels of importance to intellectual property. Intellectual property now a day has become more and more important and almost all the countries who depend on international trade are taking some interest in intellectual property and its related rights. It has been found by a study that intellectual property rights are a reason of stress and tension amongst countries who indulge in international trade. It becomes difficult for inter-country trade to take place smoothly if there are a lot of intellectual property rights which are present. Moreover the indigenous industrialists and other people who have innovated are harmed if their intellectual property rights are completely abolished. Therefore it is a must for the countries to strike a balance between the two. In the new century common intellectual property rights are being formed by various countries in order to get over hindrances and problems of trade. This is seen as a positive step by all and it is almost assured that this step will benefit the international step positively. The TRIPSs agreement of the world trade organisation is one such step which defines the level of intellectual property rights a given member can enforce and this has helped in narrowing the gap in international trade. This agreement defines basically the minimum level of intellectual property protection that a government can give to its citizens and it also defines the maximum level of intellectual property protection which may be provided by a member country. The countries must form their intellectual property rights and laws in such a manner that a balance is struck between long term benefits and the short term losses that a countrys citizens may need to pay. Society will benefit if intellectual property rights encourage protection up to only a limit and such rights are given in special cases only. But the concerned governments should also ensure that some basic level of protection for intellectual property must also exist and they should be properly applied and the peoples right must be protected properly. (Intellectual property: Protection and Enforcement) WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO PROTECT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY? Issues regarding intellectual property are growing by the day. There are a lot of talks going on related to intellectual property rights these days. Most of the times, these issues are given more attention. The aspect of protecting intellectual property has become more important these days than it should be. It is demanding far too much attention that it deserves in reality. We need to understand the basics and look into the fact that why in the first place was intellectual property rights formed. We need to understand what role do such rights play in todays world. We come at a conclusion that protecting intellectual property rights of individuals and groups and companies is a basic social requirement. It is a need of any society to have its intellectual property rights protected more than anything else. COPYRIGHTS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE WORLD WIDE WEB: Protecting intellectual property plays an important role in the overall development of the nation on the grounds of economy, society etc. Copyrights are one of the most important forms of intellectual property rights. Copyrights are nothing but an assurance to people that they are allowed to reap the fruits of their hard work and they will get the credit that is due to them for inventing something new. As we know that social intellectual property rights also play in intrinsic part in the social development of any society. Copyrights in particular are used more while protecting social intellectual property. Artists and creators protect their intellectual property with the help of copyrights. Now a daze a new concept of piracy has developed in the modern world. Piracy is the unofficial use of copyrighted material. Movies and songs around the world are being pirated on a very wide scale. Songs and movies are copyrights of their producers and they have the right to earn money whenever someone is using them, due to piracy the work of art and hard work is being distributed around the world without the producers getting any money from it. This is the reason why downloading pirated movies and songs have become illegal in countries like United States of America, United Kingdom, and Australia etc. Cyber crimes are one of the main threats to intellectual property. The most common source of damaging intellectual property in the 21st century is through the internet. But it must be noted here that most of the count ries in the world still have no laws against cyber crimes and now laws to protect intellectual property from being misused through the internet. It must be also noted that by the turn of the 21st century the intellectual property rights had also become rigid in many countries which were applying them since the 1980s and 90s. It had almost become impossible for people to enter into many fields because they had become so rigid, and companies which were already in a given field had got patented and copyrighted almost anything and everything that could be researched in that field. There were many areas of business which were being dominated by large production houses and such production houses had virtually created their monopoly with the help of misusing the intellectual property rights. The areas in which patent can be taken are being cut down and existing patents and copyrights which are basically being misused are also being taken away. We must realise that striking a balance when it comes to intellectual property rights is becoming very important. More than often we are finding that such intellectual property rights are misu sed by the rich and powerful rather than being used to protect their interests. They use such rights in order to prevent others from progressing and not to prevent their own property being misused. (Intellectual Property-Rights and Wrongs) Governments should also realise that not only is striking a balance important to protect the society but its also important when it comes to international trade. SHARING MATERIAL: The debate on whether to share or not the copyrighted material is a never ending one. There are a thousand views and no one can be said to be the perfect one. As the 21st century has dawned in people have discovered various methods of sharing material. A new term called peer to peer (P2P) sharing has developed. Peer to peer sharing is happening on an unimaginable scale over the internet every second. Most of it is happening for free and the content it involves is usually copyrighted. Keeping aside the arguments and debates sharing material should depend on whether the owner of the material has realised his cost out of the article and his profit out of it, if yes, then the material should be shared otherwise no. This is the simplest and the most affective argument related to sharing which experts have. CONCLUSION: As we conclude this report we find out that intellectual property the concept itself is not very old. This concept was formed somewhere in the late 19th century. Although it has gained huge popularity only in the 1970s and after that it is continuously increasing. Intellectual property itself could be defined as new ideas and techniques, and new discoveries etc. Intellectual property is an intangible asset. As the concept of intellectual property has gained importance even the concept of intellectual property protection has also gained importance. Countries like England, U.S.A., and Australia are more stringent while applying intellectual property protection. Developing and under-developed countries have less protection to provide to intellectual property. Intellectual property has become a very important part of many businesses and industries in developed countries. Intellectual property is very important and all nations should have laws to protect intellectual property. All nations must duly recognise the intellectual properties of their individuals. We must understand that intellectual property despite being intangible is very important. Economists all around the world have agreed that intellectual property adds huge value to subjects. As the concept of intellectual property has grown so has the criticism around it grown. People believe that the concepts of intellectual property and its protection only create confusions and complications in trade and it is hardly useful at all. With the 21st century knocking on our doors intellectual property protection has become very important as there are many ways now that one can have his intellectual property misused and abused. With the development of internet and its vast usage all throughout the world, crimes related to misuse of intellectual property have grown. Articles, pieces of art like movies and songs which are copyrighted to protect the rights of their producers are being openly misused on the internet through piracy. Last but not the least in order to improve the international trade and in order to ensure long term development of society, countries need to strike a balance on how to protect the peoples intellectual property. The laws should not be too lenient neither should they be too stringent.

Clark and Menefee Architects :: essays papers

Clark and Menefee Architects The Reid House was designed by W.G. Clark and Charles Menefee and built in John’s Island, SC in 1986. Menefee and Clark designed primarily in the American South. Clark and Menefee are known for their â€Å"tripartite vertical organization.† The base level normally consists of secondary bedroom(s)/studio spaces and services. The First floor is a â€Å"piano nobile of principal rooms with a double-height living space.† The attic level usually consists of the master bedroom and bath. The Reid House is set up in this fashion. The house is located in a modest setting, surrounded by house trailers and cheaply built houses. The image of the house was â€Å"derived from vernacular farm buildings as well as from more formal Palladian structures.† One author described the setting as â€Å"John’s Island, a peaceful landscape where truck farmers tend tomato fields carved out of scrub-pine and dwarf-cedar forests, and where the front yards of shacks ar e littered with junked cars, rusting agricultural machinery, and other decaying impedimenta of the Industrial Revolution.† The house is a three-story tower with two components. The first is a 20 ft. sq. section made of concrete block, housing the living and bedrooms, referred to as the â€Å"served space(s).† The second part, referred to as the â€Å"serving space(s),† is a wood-frame shed that holds the kitchen and the bathrooms. These two components are â€Å"joined at the fireplace and chimney, around which the stair winds.† The materials used for the house are inexpensive, in keeping with the surrounding structures. One section is made of concrete blocks, exposed on the inside and covered with waterproofing paint on the outside. The other part of the house is â€Å"sheathed in plywood and battens and its roof is covered in asphalt shingle.† The floors are painted pine, the interior partitions, painted plywood. The total cost of the house was $102,000, only $2,000 over the budget that the Reids had set. They wanted the house built because they wanted to move their two small children out of a trailer home, and they wanted to have a larger space in which they could manage their 120-acre horse farm. The total area of the house is only 1600 sq. ft. One author noted that the house â€Å"[reconciles] lofty aspirations and modest means.† W.G.

Affects of alcohol on teenagers

Review underage drinking is an increasing problem within the adolescent population. This leads to poor decision making, risk taking and behavioral problems as the brain is not fully developed. Underage drinking can also affect a person's social and emotional wellbeing. Popular Channel Ten television show, The Project (1), did a segment on teaching Australian youth how to P. A. R. T. Y safely. P. A. R. T. Y stands for Prevent Alcohol and Risk-Related Trauma In Youth. According to the segment, It Is estimated that one Australian teenager dies everyday due to alcohol related causes while another sixty are hospitalized.The point of the segment is to promote the P. A. R. T. Y program to adolescences to prevent youth Injury and trauma. The program includes educating teenagers through films and also meeting survivors of road trauma that are now going through rehabilitation. The researcher chose this source as they were able to relate It to their Interview with a PHD/PEE teacher. Both the se gment and interview talk about programs or topics at school that give adolescents information on drugs and alcohol. By choosing this topic, the researcher was able to compare the P. A. R. T.Y Program with what adolescent students are taught in the Great Lakes Area. The segment also states that this years MIAMI Crash Index Study has found that in the past year, 56% of people admitted to testing while driving, 13% had driven drunk. 8% while on drugs and with too many people In the car. A website about. Com (2), did an article on teen drinking and behavior problems. The article says that according too new study by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMARA), adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 who use alcohol are more likely to result in behavioral problems.Underage drinking – even so-called light drinking – is dangerous, illegal, and must not be tolerated,† said SAMARA Administrator Melba Cave. The article says that adolescents who use alcohol are more likely to report behavioral problems, especially aggressive, delinquent and criminal behaviors such as fighting, stealing, driving under the Influence of alcohol and/or drugs, skipping school, feeling depressed and deliberately trying to hurt or kill themselves. Like ‘The Project' segment, the researcher was able to relate this article to the interview with the PHD/PEE as the interviewer asked a question about behavior.By using this article with statistics, the researcher Is able to compare the results from the interview with the statistics. This shows how the Great Lakes area compares to the rest of the adolescent country. With the underage drinking rates not significantly changing since 1 994, It Is clear that there Is a major problem. According to the article on about. Com, a new report, the â€Å"Patterns of Alcohol Use Among Adolescents and Associations with Emotional and Behavioral Problems† concludes that there Is big relationship between alc ohol use among youth and many emotional and behavioral problems.This is a problem as it affects the social and emotional wellbeing of the adolescent which has an impact on many things such as school work, social and family life and their mental state. The study also showed that drinkers are more likely to use illicit drugs then non drinkers. An article on drinkers. Org (3) did an article on underage drinking called â€Å"Kids and Alcohol don't years and more than quarter of our 14-19 year olds are putting themselves at risk of harm from underage drinking and binge drinking.The article also says that from the age 12 or thorough to the early twenties the brain is in a state of intense placement, molding and hardwiring in readiness for the challenges of adulthood. Fractionation is a process where the brain is growing and forming all the critical parts it needs for learning, memory, planning, emotional stability and thinking. During this critical phase of growth, fractionation tells us that alcohol disrupts the brains development. By drinking alcohol at a young age, you are risking that your brain may never reach its full capacity which means you may never reach your full potential.The researcher chose this source as the article then goes on to talk about hat you could do as a parent to help your teenager become a happy and healthy adult. The researcher can use this source, as well as the interview with the parent to put towards their research. These two sources would have similar results and would be good to compare with each other. The last source the researcher looked at was a literature review on the Juvenile Justice Bulletin (4). The review talks about the effects and consequences of underage drinking and how it can affect a youth's physical, emotional and neurological health. Like the article on drinkers. Erg, the review talks bout the brain development, stating that the brain doesn't fully develop until a person is around age 25. Underage drinking can ofte n impact on the neurological development causing youth to make irresponsible choices. The effect of alcohol can also have long term, negative effects on the brain such as those listed below: Alcohol affects the hippopotamus. The hippopotamus is a part of the brain that handles memory and learning. By abusing alcohol, the hippopotamus becomes smaller affecting the academic performance and memory of an individual. Such effects on the brain can sometimes be irreversible. Alcohol affects the amelioration process. Amelioration helps stabilize and speed brain processes. Disrupting the amelioration process can cause cognitive deficiencies. Continuing abuse of alcohol use and other drugs may keep adolescents from advancing to more complex stages of thinking and social interaction. Adolescents have unique social and emotional characteristics and undergo physical and cognitive changes that can affect their social and emotional development. Because of this, adolescents will often find themselv es in dangerous and risky situations when they are under the influence of alcohol which will often have negative outcomes.While adolescents are growing up, they struggle to find independence and try to create their own personal identity. Adolescents look to their peers for support, approval and belonging as they start to provide some of the same functions that a family did earlier. This can often lead to peer pressure, rebellion, experimentation and risk taking. Peer pressure is the influence from members of one's peer group. It often convinces adolescents to engage in activities to gain one another's approval and often results in alcohol use.Adolescents often try different social roles and identities to discover who they are such as using make up or alcohol use. Underage drinking has serious social consequences for adolescents and young adults. When adolescents are younger, they are more involved with their families. However, when they start to get older they start socializing more with their peers. In turn, their peers influence their values and them to start drinking. Frequent and heavy use of alcohol is often associated with low self esteem, depression, conduct disorders, antisocial behavior and anxiety.Again, this has a dramatic impact on the social and emotional wellbeing of an adolescent as some effects are irreversible. The researcher chose this source as it has a lot of points about the social and emotional wellbeing of adolescents and that is the research question for their Independent Research Project (RIP). Although the source has American statistics, the points about the effects of alcohol are universal. The source has a lot of information and is easy to relate to the questionnaires and interviews the researcher as already done as they all look at the same topics.Underage drinking is becoming very common in today's society and can often have tragic consequences. Many people view drinking alcohol as a fairly typical activity for youth and young adu lts and young people are finding it relatively easier to obtain alcoholic beverages. However, the abuse of alcohol can often result in negative consequences such as impaired decision making, poor coordination and engagement in risky behaviors. As the brain doesn't fully develop until around the age of 25 years old, alcohol abuse can damage the brain, body systems and organs, which are sometimes irreversible.

Crisis Intervention Plan For School Shootings Social Work Essay Example

Crisis Intervention Plan For School Shootings Social Work Essay Example Crisis Intervention Plan For School Shootings Social Work Essay Crisis Intervention Plan For School Shootings Social Work Essay School shots are one of the common events that achieved a degree of cultural symbolism and do fright within pupils, their relations, and school forces. It is non flooring that these shots are still go oning, since the beginning of the job is sophisticated. School shots promote depression and anxiousness within schools and promote the thought that schools are insecure for many pupils ; in this paper I will discourse the class of action in Virginia Tech and my function as a school psychologist during the crisis. On April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech experienced a awful and unforgettable event in the American university history. An Asiatic pupil shooting and took the lives of 32 pupils and module, staff. He left behind injured persons and people with psychological jobs, and so he killed himself. Furthermore, victim s households, friends and the university community have suffered dreadfully. As a school psychologist in Virginia Tech, I think it is really important to roll up the informations about the pupil who killed the victims in order to cognize more about the existent causes that led him to hit people and kill himself after. This will assist to cover with pupils behaviour to avoid and halt existent causes before they get more complicated. The pupil liquidator was scraggy and looked younger than his age. He did non take part in category and did non desire to talk. The professors reported that he was mentally sick and he asked him to seek guidance. I believed that it is of import to work with pupils who have same symptoms like this individual who needed an early diagnosing. I believe that mental wellness clinics receive a large figure of antisocial behaviours which is the most common upset in our day-to-day life. I think that early diagnosing of serious aggression that can be Conduct Disorder which begins as aggression in the early childhood and developed during adolescence and maturity, it is really critical to cognize about these instances in order to assist those persons since they were diagnosed with Oppositional Defiant Disorder ( ODD ) . Conduct is a upset that refers to people who deal with specific behavioural and emotional jobs during the childhood. Peoples diagnoses with this upset can non concentrate and they have a difficult clip to follow regulations. They are frequently referred as bad people or delinquent, disregarding that they mentally ill. Course of action Schools must be protected and safe topographic points for kids to analyze, nevertheless after this shooting event, a figure of pupils and their households still feel threatened and their lives in danger by armed and unsafe schoolmates. As a member of school community we need to discourse our program and how to cover with current pupils, households, professors and the other members who experienced the incident and assist them to get the better of and go on benefit from school. I believe that it is really interesting to work with survived pupils to swear us and discourse our programs to offer a safe topographic point to larn. As school staff, we need to work with parents and public safety suppliers ( local constabulary and fire sections, exigency respondents, infirmaries, etc. ) ( National Association of School Psychologists, 2006 ) The school community needs besides to heighten, and regenerate the school processs to maintain school edifice safe. Work with pupils to be able to discou rse and speak aloud if something happened that makes them experience uncomfortable, worried or scared. Teach the pupils that everybody play a large function to keep the school safety. School community demands besides to offer crisis preparation and professional development for all staff based upon demands assessment . ( NASP, 2006 ) Anger and force are increasingly more important issues to school psychologists and other professionals today. Those pedagogues faced the effects of larning jobs and societal accommodation issues. It is really important to supply monthly workshops for all pupils to place their feelings and assist them to cognize how to pull off their feelings of choler, particularly if they are taking drugs or holding mental unwellness will be helpful. It is really of import to learn and do pupils remain off from drugs and intoxicant. Added to this, being off from guns and other arms will be helpful every bit good. Teach pupils in early age that force is non a solution to manage jobs. Therefore, supply reding Sessionss to all pupils, particularly those who are fighting with anxiousness, depression, or other emotional concerns that they can non manage. William Pollack, a Harvard Medical School psychologist, stated in the incident of the Columbine taws needed aid, and what they got twenty-four hours after twenty-four hours was no 1 detecting. They were left entirely. Adolescents, even though they say they want to be entirely they truly want some sort of connexion with an grownup who understands and attentions. ( USA today, 2009 ) As a school staff, we need to work on our safety plans every bit good. We will necessitate to lock doors, provide security cameras and call systems. We need to promote and construct up the regard between staff and pupils, pupils and pupils. Respect the pupils possible and public presentation is really critical besides. The interaction between counsellors or professors and pupils is really of import to be able to acknowledge pupils feelings and alarm any serious emotional issues or mental wellness jobs. Check and connect is a good scheme to supply to school staffs in the workshops. In this attack, every twenty-four hours, one professor or more should speak about a specific pupil s instance. As the initial duty we have as school staff, we should assist people see the event in an appropriate context. We need to supply guidance and psychological interventions and we have to work with them to be able to go on their surveies and assist them to accomplish their ends as they came for the first clip and may be better. We have to work with those people who were in the event on the traumatic that may go on and they will believe about all the clip. We need to be able to assist them to bury it and get down a new personal and educational safe life. It is obvious that people who commit this sort of things and hiting normally have mental upsets such as terrible depression or other emotional jobs. Those persons normally feel unwanted and severely treated by others, they are dissatisfied in their academic public presentation and ends, and hence they go for self-destruction and shot in order to make retaliation. Furthermore, these pupils ever prepared for their programs antecedently and they talked about their intents in progress. Hopefully, we will hold clip to cognize about their programs and assist them acknowledge their feelings to be able to step in early. That is why I believe that we need to construct up assurance and communicating with pupils and advance them to inquire for aid whenever they feel that they need it. As people working in schools, the event is difficult to see, but we may be able to better command the school and in forestalling more shots. Furthermore, pupils who are under medicines for anxiousness, depression or other concerns and are presently in university, they need to be in contact with their physician, healer every bit good as their household. It may be besides appropriate for pupils who have faced a anterior traumatic event every bit good. I believed that school shot is one of the biggest issues that need more than a individual solution ; hapless parenting and early designation are large footings to believe about covering with such incidents. Most shots in schools occurred chiefly because of retaliation against society. Specific people such as parents, friends, and roomies know how to assist professionals to decrease specific psychological results of a traumatic incident by utilizing observation as a method to watch pupils who are at greater hazard and help straight. Awareness of the issues that can take to cruel psychological hurt may help grownups to distinguish those pupils who need mental wellness aid. As school community, we should be after hand in glove to contrive a safety within schools to diminish force by using assorted attacks in order to run into each school s demands. For an effectual consequence, it is helpful to include the undermentioned constituents such as doing school-community safety partnerships, set uping comprehensive school crisis response programs ( NASP, 2006 ) As a class of action, schools should adopted new Torahs and schemes to get by with this new manner of demoing such barbarous aggression in instructional constitutions, such as prohibiting violent behaviours by publishing a disciplinary regulations and penalties against persons who are trying to be involved in aggressive behaviours in schools scenes. Besides, schools need besides to offer a proper and effectual guidance therapy for people who still under the daze of a shooting incident and assist them to get the better of the crisis clip. Equally far as community is concerned, it should be a precedence to protect pupils who experience aggressive events and do them recover assurance to prosecute their academic and emotional life. Bettering schoolroom environment is besides presented in our school program by backing such a positive school subject School clime is a comparatively abiding quality of the full school that is experienced by members, describes their corporate perceptual experiences of everyday behaviour, and affects their attitudes and behaviour in the school ( Camilla A ; Sandra, 2007 ) . Our plan battles racism and intolerance and implements schemes to accept people from different civilizations ; in school plan, the community promotes audience, appropriate societal accomplishments, lifting security in schools, and use disciplinary method to penalize persons who did non esteem the school policy. Using bar plans for all pupils is one of the critical schemes we have in our plan like speaking about the federal jurisprudence. Basically, we besides implement some specific intercessions in order to back up pupils positive emotional development and educate them to use non-violent methods to decode their personal concerns. Support pupils who show early marks of misdemeanor behaviours at schools and promoting equal relationship by using communicating and mediation plans to decide struggles. School-based mental wellness services are really wanted late. As school community, join forcesing with parents and policy shapers we should size up issues that can account for events in which a slaughter happened in the constitution scene in order to help pupils to carry through their purposes in schools and assist them to place their personal and societal issues. During the crisis, as member of school community, we were looking for manners in order to halt these events to re-happen. School Psychologists national association ( NASP ) squad stated that, Crisis has been often recognized as a clip of possible danger every bit good as possible opportunity.aˆÂ ¦ If our profession is able to pull off the danger that is, pull off the immediate crisis and rapidly return the system to normal working so there exists a enormous chance to excite long-run systemic alteration. Once seen as effectual and believable, the psychologist has boundlessly more chance to travel the system in the way of bar ( Kathy, 2008 ) . School psychologists can be a terrific beginning to the institutional community in the betterment of efficient mental wellness services to discourse pupils and households demands. It is besides cardinal that school psychologists become really of import and positive persons in backing their undertaking as mental wellness service suppliers and plans in schools. My function as a school psychologist As a school psychologist, I need to be able to place pupil in demand for excess aid and assistance in acknowledging proper referral beginnings in the community. I would besides utilize the psychological triage as a technique to set up the crisis intercession remedy. The usage of this attack is peculiarly important when the psychological injury victim surpasses the figure of available people who can step in. Harmonizing to National Association of School Psychologists ( NASP ) , there are assorted things that we can make as people working in schools that may see that schools are unafraid topographic points for pupils and heighten the comfort degree of persons such as inform parents by the school safety policies and catastrophe turning away attempts. As a school psychologist, I need to be active within schools, communicate with pupils and their parents. I need besides to see schoolrooms often. Work on pupils behaviour and assist school community to learn pupils the appropriate and expected behaviours, provide intercessions and supports. Talk and do a nexus with community co-workers to measure exigency response programs and discourse the demands that may be noticeable to the current crisis. Highlight force bar plans and course of study presently being taught in schools and stress the attempts of the school to learn pupils options to violence including peaceable struggle declaration and po sitive interpersonal relationship accomplishments. Cite specific illustrations such as Second Step Violence Prevention, bully proofing, or other positive intercessions and behavioural supports ( NASP, 2006 ) . My function as school psychologist as good is to forestall those persons who homicide others and self-destruction. An article by NASP stated that society demands to ease closer dealingss as a replacing of watching telecasting and utilizing computing machines in the remainder of the eventides, visit friends, schoolmates, and neighbours, walk you dog or go for field day will assist to halt slayings to recognize their programs and offenses. As a class of action, we should work on the relationship between pupils, their professors, and other school workers ( NASP, 2006 ) My function as a school psychologist besides is to analyze the psychological upsets of pupils who appeared to be at hazard such as those persons who may hold post traumatic emphasis syndrome, depression, Schizophrenia, and other mental wellness jobs. It is really important to early diagnosing those people with the old upsets in order to be able to step in and assist them to populate normal people and act responsively. My occupation as a member of the community is to be cognizant of some people who refuse to speak about their experience in the yesteryear and conceal their traumatic events. In this point, I need to be able to assist subsisters of this atrocious crisis to speak about it and help them to be able to place and discourse their feelings from it. I need to be able to help those people by utilizing psychotherapy Sessionss and advanced techniques. As a school psychologist, I can be trusted to assist with delicate personal and household state of affairss that interfere with schooling. I can besides assist forestall future jobs when I intervene with larning jobs early on, and I can besides acknowledge that alterations in the school environment and at place can better the quality of life for kids and their families.A For most victims, cognitive-behavioral therapy is the best intervention that I can utilize in order to alter distorted and perchance harmful perceptual experiences of post-traumati c emphasis, terrible anxiousness, depression, pleasant mental imagination, and relaxation techniques. Other guidance and therapy techniques may assist those people achieve a good perceptive of the unwellness and the factors that protect against it. There are besides stress vaccination preparation and visual image techniques that can be used as intervention to assist those victims in our school scene. All these interventions need to be taught to subsisters in order to pattern it on their ain. I need besides to portion with them my feelings, experience, and marks to assist diminishing feelings of fright and weakness. In footings of intercession, as a school psychologist I should work and confer with with instructors in order to take, implement, and measure intercessions that best work for the different demands of different students.A As expert I need to be able to learn pupils, instructors, parents, and other professionals problem-solving schemes to turn to issues related to pupils academic, behavioural, and psychological jobs after the incident. I need besides to be able to help instructors, parents, and other professionals use experimental determination devising to better pupil and systemic results. Besides, I have to assist instructors understand the alone demands of pupils, particularly those diagnosing with mental wellness jobs. It is really of import to confer with with those persons physicians and counsellor every bit good in order to maintain in truck, cognize more about their current state of affairss, and assist them to let go of their strivings. NASP promotes that school psychologi sts to take a leading function in developing comprehensive attacks to violence decrease and crisis response in schools ( NASP, 2006 ) . Since school psychologists are capable to affect in the whole school personals in heightening and using positive behavioural intercessions that support social-emotional development of pupils. School psychologists are besides of import members who are skilled by utilizing and implementing different intercession schemes that may diminish violent behaviours within school scenes and with different pupils. As a school psychologist, I can discourse with other school members the execution of societal accomplishments activities and other techniques used in order to educate pupils how to work out their personal issues. My other function is to offer audience procedure to advance schools form catastrophe planning squads. As portion of the rating plan, I need to cut down aggression activities among pupils and assist those who were showing during the incident p hysically, psychologically, and societal privacy. Equally far as my function, I will assist school to response to this exigency instance. As a school psychological science, my function besides is to be good cognizant of the advantage of the early intercession and bar attempts. Traditional crisis health professionals include exigency response professionals, mental wellness suppliers, medical professionals, victim aid counsellors, and religion leaders ( NASP, 2003 ) those professionals are all good skilled to manage different instances and to assist sick persons to pull off their life and manage their jobs. Teachers and decision makers are the most people who interact with our pupils ; nevertheless some of them did non acquire any preparation to offer mental wellness services and intercession. As a school psychologist, I think that will be really helpful to supply preparations and assist those professionals to be able to step in. These functions of school psychologists are really critical elements as programs of school safety. To vouch that school psychologists are good trained to offer leading in school force bar. NASP helped school psychologists to acquire the necessary comprehension and accomplishments to use aggression bar and the crisis in schools during their plans and through their life experiences. Drumhead Very serious violent jobs occur in school scenes and have sophisticated causes, unknown beginnings and valuable effects. Besides, battles, sexual torment, and strong-arming that occur every twenty-four hours in all school constitutions in the universe. We started to see shots people at schools and self-destruction. These affected the schools environments, safety, and made many pupils, relations and school staffs to undergo dreadfully. Therefore, the attempts to diminish aggression at school scenes need to be multi-faceted. School scenes are trusted to protect kids and maintain them procure during the school twenty-four hours. Teachers, principals, and all school staff do large attempts to maintain pupils safe and off from any danger. Many pupils trust schools and they feel happy and comfort in the school staffs who save them from injuries and protect them. There are assorted instances and immense figure of shoots and self-destruction in school scenes, hence schools and professionals community need to fix in order to hold a minimal amendss and handle crises, in order to maintain pupils and staff out of injury and able to larn and learn. In my sentiment, I think that a successful and effectual plan will vouch the safety of all pupils and school staff. It is important to make plans that lead to halt and cut down aggression and reacting quickly and expeditiously whenever force happens. Aggression lessening programs have to besides impact on all pupil approaches to violence, educate them and school workers to be able to work out their accomplishments in an effectual away, and assist the school to do an environment that encourages credence and tolerance between pupils and staff. School safety plans are really efficient when we involved other groups of force bar attempts such as local jurisprudence enforcement, juvenile probation, public wellness forces, and other parent and community groups ( NASP, 2006 ) This will assist to cut down aggression and choler among pupils in order to guarantee life of all kids and young person and improved their public presentation to accomplish their end. I believe that all households, friends, and school staff have the duty in this slaughter, by disregarding the slaying mental wellness history and allow him populate in the campus as a normal pupil. The safety group of the campus has besides a large duty and failed to step in in the appropriate clip to halt the killing show was go oning. The uncontrolled guns are large issues as good that led to kill those guiltless pupils easy. All school psychologists have the duty to give custodies to educational establishments and affect in the methodical group construction and job work o uting procedure. They have the duty to analysis the informations and identify pupils jobs. All these programs should be discussed in nonsubjective informations of school databases. Typically my function as a school psychologist is that I can non do diagnosing, but I can supply informations by utilizing assorted figure of appraisals tools like making observations, interviews, and confer withing with parents and other professionals. There are really large Numberss of intercessions that can be used by school psychologists to help those persons in order to grok their ends and seek be able to cover with it.